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…equal total water use. Aquaculture production units can be classified according to their requirements for land and water as shown in Table 1. Boyd, Water use in aquaculture production systems,…

…range 7 to 8.5. Boyd, Effect of pH on aquatic organisms, Table 1 pHResponse 4 Acid death point 4-5 Acid stress, no reproduction, slow growth 5-6 Acid stress, reproduction may…

…form. Boyd, Typical inputs and outputs of phosphorus, Table 1 Phosphorus InputsPhosphorus Outputs Feed 90% Shrimp 25% Inflowing Water 10% Soil Uptake 65% Effluent 10% Table 1: Typical inputs and…

…ponds at harvest (Table 1). Boyd, Typical inputs and outputs of nitrogen, Table 1 InputsInputsOutputsOutputs Feed and fertilizer 90% Shrimp harvest 25% Water supply and nitrogen fixation 10% Denitrification 12%…

…regarding permissible concentrations of selected water quality variables. Examples of concentration- based criteria in a water quality standard are noted in Table 1 below. Boyd, Concentration-based criteria in a water…

…more efficiently than other terrestrial, irrigated agriculture, even in arid climates. Boyd, water use, Table 1 ClimateInflow (mm/yr) Wet 900 Table 1. Inflow necessary to maintain water levels in levee…

…exchange. Boyd, Amount of effluent from different water exchange rates, Table 1 Average Daily Water Exchange (% Pond Volume)Exchange Effluent Volume (m3/ha per Crop) 2 24,000 5 60,000 10 120,000…

…concentration of 142 milligrams per literis equivalent to a total alkalinity of 116 milligrams per liter. Boyd, Average concentrations of major dissolved substances, Table 1 SubstanceSeawater (mg/l)River Water (mg/l) Chloride…

…but the true ratio based on dry matter is 1:4.4. Boyd, Table 1 ProductionN (kg/ha)P (kg/ha) 500 6.3 – 10.5 0.9 – 1.8 1,000 12.6 – 21 1.8 – 3.6…

…21 percent in India (Table 1) with a weighted average for the five countries of 8.0 percent pond volume per day. Boyd, Water Use, Table 1 Water use (cubic meters…

…semana. La tabla muestra los valores de WG reales y los valores de WG sugeridos para facilitar el manejo de la alimentación. Boyd, Proteins, Table 1 Source of meatCrude protein…

…at least 6:1. Boyd (1998) suggested a simple equation to determine the amount of salt (in g/m3) that should be applied to a pond, according to the expected nitrite levels…

…1. Boyd (1998) sugirió una ecuación simple para determinar la cantidad de sal (en g/m3) que se debe aplicar a un estanque, de acuerdo con los niveles de nitrito esperados…

…concentration in the surface water is 5 mg/L and that of the bottom water is 2 mg/L, the aeration efficiency (as calculated following Dr. Claude Boyd’s 1998 method for defining…

…area devoted to shrimp farming was recently estimated at around 2,135,110 hectares by Boyd and McNevin. The annual value of farmed shrimp in 2014 was estimated at $23.6 billion in…

…al cultivo de camarón fue estimada recientemente en alrededor de 2,135,110 hectáreas por Boyd and McNevin. El valor anual del camarón de cultivo en 2014 se estimó en $ 23,600…

…The effects of the organic matter are multiplied by resulting phytoplankton blooms that often increase organic matter by two to four times the original metabolic wastes. For example, Boyd (1985)…

…salinity. Using the equation by Boyd and Thunjai (2003), we can estimate: SECx = (Sp) (Rx) where SECx is the equivalent concentration in seawater of the ion x; Sp is…