Health & Welfare

本文介绍了新兴对虾微孢子虫病（EHP）的组织学特征，使用了对患病对虾肝胰腺组织，排泄物，养殖水缸中水样和一些卤虫生物量的PCR化验分析的方法来检测到EHP的存在。(Editor's note: This article was originally published on the Advocate in English on April 15, 2016.) 

A feeding trial measured growth, nutrient utilization and faecal/gut bacterial counts in triplicate groups of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). Study results show that dietary organic acids can potentially replace OTC as a growth promoter and anti-microbial in tilapia feeds. 

A study with Nile tilapia conducted in commercial production cages in Brazil showed the potential – in the absence of major disease threats – of a commercial, natural growth promotor that modulates the microbiota (inhibiting growth of pathogenic bacteria and promoting growth of beneficial bacteria) and inhibits quorum sensing. 

Fungal growth on the eggs caused by the water mold Saprolegnia spp. is an obstacle to the larval production of sunshine bass. This study confirmed that copper sulfate can be an economical and valuable resource in hatchery management for the control of saprolegniasis on sunshine bass eggs in McDonald jars. 

Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but occurs at very low concentrations in surface waters and oceans. It is an essential element for many organisms as part of many enzymes, and also has an important role in plant photosynthesis. 

With practice and common sense, cast netting produces adequate data for successful management of shrimp ponds. It is important, from a practical standpoint, that sampling techniques are adapted to the site, natural resources and human resources available. 

Knowledge on population size and size distribution in their production ponds, along with health status assessments, is an important management tool for shrimp farmers around the world. Proper sampling planning and execution involve a number of activities to assure proper, actionable results. 

The relationship between production in subtropical earthen ponds of fry suitable for hormonal sex inversion and degree days was quantified for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus; Egypt strain) and blue tilapia (O. aureus). 

A study was conducted to measure the effects of commercial probiotics on Pacific white shrimp in a standardized AHPND challenge model under controlled laboratory conditions. Results show that the probiotics treatments by themselves have beneficial effects, such as higher survival and histological signs of hepatopancreas regeneration. 

The preventive use of common salt (sodium chloride) by commercial producers of freshwater fishes has many benefits, including helping with the routine prevention of losses due to diseases, stress and mishandling during transport, harvesting, grading, counting, weighing and induced spawning. 

La remoción del tallo o pedúnculo ocular de camarones hembras reproductoras ha ayudado en el crecimiento explosivo de la acuacultura a escala comercial. Un compromiso de un productor de camarones de América Central ha demostrado que la producción de camarones sin ablación puede aliviar las preocupaciones de bienestar animal sin la temida caída en la producción. 

The preventive use of common salt (sodium chloride) by commercial producers of freshwater fishes has many benefits, including helping with the routine prevention of losses due to diseases, stress and mishandling during transport, harvesting, grading, counting, weighing and induced spawning. 

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential survival and growth benefits of three multi-strain probiotics in three different stages of juvenile rohu (hatchling to advanced fry). Results showed beneficial effects of the probiotics treatments for the hatchling and fry stages, but not for later stages. 

The prevalence of Perkinsus sp. in cultured Pacific oysters and the infection intensity during an annual culture cycle using two detection methods were studied in Sinaloa, Mexico. Pathogen prevalence varied depending on the temperature and the age of the culture. 

Removing the eyestalk of broodstock female shrimp aided in the explosive growth of commercial-scale aquaculture. An undertaking by a Central American shrimp farmer has shown that producing shrimp without ablation can ease animal welfare worries without the feared drop in production.