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Los estanques acuícolas acumulan materia orgánica de fertilizantes orgánicos, restos de micro-organismos producidos dentro del estanque, las heces de los animales criados y el alimento no-consumido. Claude E. Boyd, Ph.D., detalla las principales prácticas de gestión de la materia orgánica, y dice que frecuentemente la acumulación de materia orgánica no es tan grande como se creía. 

Understanding the hydrologic cycle, water’s unique physical properties and their behavior in aquaculture systems – phases, humidity, saturation, stratification, light reflection and refraction – is pertinent to properly manage water quality in production systems, according to world-renowned expert Dr. Claude Boyd. 

La comprensión del ciclo hidrológico, las propiedades físicas únicas del agua y su comportamiento en sistemas acuícolas - fases, humedad, saturación, estratificación, reflexión de la luz y refracción- es pertinente para manejar adecuadamente la calidad del agua en los sistemas de producción, según el reconocido experto Dr. Claude Boyd. 

Prof. Claude Boyd on the importance of carbon-nitrogen ratios for pond fertilization and biofloc systems, and the relevance of precise carbohydrate inputs. 

El Prof. Claude Boyd discute la importancia de las relaciones carbono-nitrógeno para la fertilización de estanques y los sistemas biofloc, y la relevancia de las aportaciones precisas de carbohidratos. 

Prof. Boyd discusses how weather and climate events affect aquaculture and why producers should operate their facilities to protect against such events. 

El profesor Boyd analiza cómo los fenómenos meteorológicos y climáticos afectan a la acuacultura, y por qué los productores deberían operar sus instalaciones para protegerse contra tales eventos. 

Prof. Boyd on dissolved and suspended solids in aquaculture production systems and their importance to water and pond-bottom quality. 

This study of agricultural limestone from five different U.S. quarries determined that the samples had comparable chemical compositions but somewhat different solubilities in water. This procedure might be helpful in achieving better results when these products are used in the liming of aquaculture ponds. 

Aquatic plants and animals get the essential nutrients calcium and magnesium from water and food. Calcium concentrations impact the hydration and development of eggs in a hatchery, where calcium carbonate precipitation can be troublesome. 

Although relatively expensive, mechanical aeration increases production. Asian-style paddlewheel aerators are widely used but are inefficient. Testing has led to more efficient designs that are now widely used in U.S. catfish and shrimp ponds. 

Proper monitoring of water quality in aquaculture production systems is critical to enable appropriate and timely management decisions. It requires reliable equipment, trained technicians that follow instructions and apply quality control measures, proper reagents and calibrated equipment, and appropriately collected water samples that are promptly analyzed. 

Certification programs presently are the best tool to assure that aquaculture products are responsibly produced. But these programs can be burdened by many superfluous requirements and their simplification by focusing primarily on the major issues would be a great improvement. 

Los programas de certificación actualmente son la mejor herramienta para asegurar que los productos acuícolas se producen de manera responsable. Sin embargo, estos programas pueden ser sobrecargados por muchos requisitos superfluos y su simplificación, centrándose principalmente en las cuestiones principales, sería una gran mejora. 

Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but occurs at very low concentrations in surface waters and oceans. It is an essential element for many organisms as part of many enzymes, and also has an important role in plant photosynthesis. 

Liming is an important management tool for preparing aquaculture ponds between and during production cycles. Several products are sometimes used in aquaculture for liming production ponds, including agricultural limestone, calcium silicate (CaSiO3) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). 

Total alkalinity is an important variable in water for aquaculture systems, and its concentration frequently fluctuates over time in many culture systems. 

Nitrogen and phosphorus are the most important nutrients in fertilization of both freshwater and coastal ponds. Many factors that can affect the response of ponds to fertilizers are location-specific. Aquaculture pond managers will have to figure out the best procedure for a given location or even for an individual pond.