Health & Welfare
Shrimp exposed to high concentrations of nitrate exhibit shorter antennae, gill abnormalities and hepatopancreas lesions. Nitrate toxicity is more of an issue for shrimp raised in lower-salinity waters.
Health & Welfare
The ability to culture pangasius in the low-salinity waters typical of coastal shrimp ponds in tidal zones would permit shrimp farmers to culture an additional species of economic importance and aid in diversifying the commercial aquaculture production of these areas.
Health & Welfare
A study showed that lipid source and DHA and EPA levels in feeds can influence the growth performance and tail fatty acid profiles of L. vannamei farmed under hypersaline conditions.
Responsibility
Outside optimal salinity ranges, aquaculture species have higher feed-conversion ratios, grow at slower rates, become stressed and susceptible to disease, or even die.
Health & Welfare
United Arab Emirates University studied the effects of salinity and dietary protein levels on spawning performance of Nile tilapia broodstock.
Responsibility
Water's ability to conduct electricity increases with the total concentration of dissolved ions. Measuring conductivity helps estimate salt content of water.